His accomplishments included improvements to parks and creating incentives for sustainable development, as well as closing Meigs Field in the middle of the night and destroying the runways. After successfully running for re-election five times, and becoming Chicago's longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley declined to run for a seventh term. [10] Chicago also hosts the headquarters of the largest Lutheran body in the United States, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. There are 24 public beaches across 26 miles (42km) of the waterfront. [86], Two years later, the city hosted the tumultuous 1968 Democratic National Convention, which featured physical confrontations both inside and outside the convention hall, with anti-war protesters, journalists and bystanders being beaten by police. There are eleven selective enrollment high schools in the Chicago Public Schools,[307] designed to meet the needs of Chicago's most academically advanced students. [265] Lincoln Park, the largest of the city's parks, covers 1,200 acres (490ha) and has over 20million visitors each year, making it third in the number of visitors after Central Park in New York City, and the National Mall and Memorial Parks in Washington, D.C.[266], There is a historic boulevard system,[267] a network of wide, tree-lined boulevards which connect a number of Chicago parks. Chicago's first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois and Michigan Canal opened in 1848. [280], The city is home of former United States President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama; Barack Obama was formerly a state legislator representing Chicago and later a US senator. [290], The number of murders in Chicago peaked at 970 in 1974, when the city's population was over 3million people (a murder rate of about 29 per 100,000), and it reached 943 murders in 1992, (a murder rate of 34 per 100,000). The historic Chicago Cultural Center (1897), originally serving as the Chicago Public Library, now houses the city's Visitor Information Center, galleries and exhibit halls. [59][60], Labor conflicts followed the industrial boom and the rapid expansion of the labor pool, including the Haymarket affair on May 4, 1886, and in 1894 the Pullman Strike. Chicago is also home to the Barack Obama Presidential Center being built in Hyde Park on the city's South Side. The southwest side is also the location of the Polish Highlanders Alliance of North America. By 1850 Irish immigrants accounted for about one-fifth of the city's population. The 1920s saw gangsters, including Al Capone, Dion O'Banion, Bugs Moran and Tony Accardo battle law enforcement and each other on the streets of Chicago during the Prohibition era. As of the 2007 US Census American Community Survey the largest European ancestries were:[31]. Clear 2 Table. Evangelical Protestantism form the largest theological Protestant branch (16%), followed by Mainline Protestants (11%), and historically Black churches (8%). This project began with the construction and improvement of the Illinois and Michigan Canal, and was completed with the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal that connects to the Illinois River, which flows into the Mississippi River. Home to more than 200 professional dance companies including the Joffrey Ballet and Hubbard Street Dance Chicago, Chicago delivers a packed calendar of performances on downtown stages and in neighborhood venues and parks. Manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. [286], According to reports in 2013, "most of Chicago's violent crime comes from gangs trying to maintain control of drug-selling territories",[287] and is specifically related to the activities of the Sinaloa Cartel, which is active in several American cities. [355] Because of low participation in the blue bag programs, the city began a pilot program for blue bin recycling like other cities. This local church is pastored by Cardinal Blase J. Cupich, assisted by six Episcopal Vicars, each responsible for a vicariate (region). Faith in the City: Religion and Urban Life in Chicago, 1870-1920 Chicago's Western Avenue is the longest continuous urban street in the world. In 1956, the city conducted its last major expansion when it annexed the land under O'Hare airport, including a small portion of DuPage County. [citation needed] There are also the private Chicago Academy for the Arts, a high school focused on six different categories of the arts and the public Chicago High School for the Arts, a high school focused on five categories (visual arts, theatre, musical theatre, dance, and music) of the arts. [192] The city is the seat of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, the Bank's Seventh District. ", "Ken Griffin and J.B. Pritzker's secret meeting: The origin of a political feud", "Chicago's snack bar wars: May the cleanest label win", "Chicago City Council raises minimum wage to $15 by 2021, but restaurant servers still will get lower tipped wage", "Opaa! 2,716,450 residents 50 wards 77 community areas 100 neighborhoods 8 major league sports teams, including two MLB teams United States President Barack Obama Chicago is a celebrated melting pot. The lake also provides another positive effect: moderating Chicago's climate, making waterfront neighborhoods slightly warmer in winter and cooler in summer. Annual festivals feature various acts, such as Lollapalooza and the Pitchfork Music Festival. [35][36] The Chicago metropolitan area also includes adherents of Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism, and the Bah Faith, among others. Religion Chicago is served by O'Hare International Airport, the world's busiest airport measured by airline operations,[348] on the far Northwest Side, and Midway International Airport on the Southwest Side. Only about half of the residents in the Seattle (52%) and San Francisco (48%) metropolitan areas identify as Christians, as well as roughly six-in-ten or fewer of those living in Boston (57%) and New York (59%). Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe by metro area, Learn More: frequency of feeling wonder about the universe, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say they look tomost for guidance on right and wrong, Compare: 1,112,581. QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more. views about same-sex marriage by metro area, Learn More: views about same-sex marriage, Strongly favor/favor, Oppose/strongly oppose, Compare: For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males. Pixabay . [314] According to data compiled in 2014, Chicago's "choice system", where students who test or apply and may attend one of a number of public high schools (there are about 130), sorts students of different achievement levels into different schools (high performing, middle performing, and low performing schools). The Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) performs at Symphony Center, and is recognized as one of the best orchestras in the world. In the summer of 2016, Navy Pier constructed a DW60 Ferris wheel. Chicago, Illinois (IL) profile: population, maps, real estate, averages [162][163][164][165], Chicago has the third-largest LGBT population in the United States. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [287] In 2013, the violent crime rate was 910 per 100,000 people;[289] the murder rate was 10.4 while high crime districts saw 38.9, low crime districts saw 2.5 murders per 100,000. [343] Six of the seven Class I railroads meet in Chicago, with the exception being the Kansas City Southern Railway. Not to . [77], The Great Depression brought unprecedented suffering to Chicago, in no small part due to the city's heavy reliance on heavy industry. In 2016, the population of Hispanics exceeded that of Blacks to become Chicago's largest minority group with non-Hispanic Whites representing 32.6% of the population, Hispanics at 29.7% of the population, and Blacks at 29.3% of the population. blizzardsoccur, such as the one in 2011. This led to the creation of the atomic bomb by the United States, which it used in World War II in 1945. The city has been a center for rave culture, since the 1980s. [222] A 2007 report on the Chicago music industry by the University of Chicago Cultural Policy Center ranked Chicago third among metropolitan U.S. areas in "size of music industry" and fourth among all U.S. cities in "number of concerts and performances". There are also significant Italian populations scattered throughout the city and surrounding suburbs. In Chicago 48.69% of the population is White In Chicago 30.95% of the population is Black In Chicago 6.09% of the population is Asian Compare Chicago, IL Demographics vs Compare Chicago population breakdown by race In Chicago, 29.1% of people are of Hispanic or Latino origin. [citation needed], Chicago has been a hub of the retail sector since its early development, with Montgomery Ward, Sears, and Marshall Field's. [235] Certain Chicago pizza favorites include Lou Malnati's and Giordano's. The Taste of Polonia Festival in Jefferson Park celebrates Polish culture annually on Labor Day weekend. [311], Chicago high school rankings are determined by the average test scores on state achievement tests. Chicago. [233], Chicago lays claim to a large number of regional specialties that reflect the city's ethnic and working-class roots. Religion in Chicago, Illinois 59.9% of the people in Chicago are religious: - 3.5% are Baptist - 0.4% are Episcopalian - 38.7% are Catholic - 1.9% are Lutheran - 1.4% are Methodist - 1.2% are Pentecostal - 1.7% are Presbyterian - 0.3% are Church of Jesus Christ - 5.1% are another Christian faith - 1.1% are Judaism - 0.6% are an eastern faith In 1885, the first steel-framed high-rise building, the Home Insurance Building, rose in the city as Chicago ushered in the skyscraper era,[57] which would then be followed by many other cities around the world. [330], The city was particularly important for the development of the harsh and electronic based music genre known as industrial. Be mindful of course content that may privilege certain religious perspectives. What you need to know about Highland Park, the very Jewish Chicago (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main Other museums and galleries in Chicago include the Chicago History Museum, the Driehaus Museum, the DuSable Museum of African American History, the Museum of Contemporary Art, the Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum, the Polish Museum of America, the Museum of Broadcast Communications, the Pritzker Military Library, the Chicago Architecture Foundation, and the Museum of Science and Industry. Click here to see how the data was gathered. These laws became templates for public health reform in other cities and states. The Illinois Constitution prohibits governments from doing anything that could cause retirement benefits for government workers to be "diminished or impaired." The mother-in-law is a tamale topped with chili and served on a hot dog bun. In addition, the Chicago Medical School and Loyola University Chicago's Stritch School of Medicine are located in the suburbs of North Chicago and Maywood, respectively. 42.07% of Loyola Chicago students come from out of state, and 3.78% come from out of the country. [177], Non-Christian faiths accounted for 7% of the religious population in 2014. Religious composition of adults in the Chicago metro area Christian 71% Evangelical Protestant 16% Mainline Protestant 11% Historically Black Protestant 8% Catholic 34% Mormon < 1% Orthodox Christian 1% Jehovah's Witness 1% Other Christian 1% Non-Christian Faiths 7% Jewish 3% Muslim 2% Buddhist 1% Hindu 1% Other World Religions 1% Other Faiths 1% [11] 30 Most Religious Cities in the US - Insider Monkey [68][69] The University of Chicago, formerly at another location, moved to the same South Side location in 1892. Narrative fiction of that time, much of it in the style of "high-flown romance" and "genteel realism", needed a new approach to describe the urban social, political, and economic conditions of Chicago. The unique sounds born in Chicago continue to resonate around the world. The Maxwell Street Polish is a grilled or deep-fried kielbasaon a hot dog roll, topped with grilled onions, yellow mustard, and hot sport peppers. [224], In 2014[update], Chicago attracted 50.17million domestic leisure travelers, 11.09million domestic business travelers and 1.308million overseas visitors. The Asian represented 5.5% of the population and the Native American population was 0.5% of the population. A polar vortex in January 2019 nearly broke the city's cold record of 27F (33C), which was set on January 20, 1985. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. And Atlanta, the birthplace of Martin Luther King Jr. is home to an especially large share of members of the historically black Protestant tradition (18%). Chicago has the third most franchises in the four major North American sports leagues with five, behind the New York and Los Angeles Metropolitan Areas, and have six top-level professional sports clubs when including Chicago Fire FC of Major League Soccer (MLS). Greyhound Lines provides inter-city bus service to and from the city, and Chicago is also the hub for the Midwest network of Megabus (North America). As new additions to the city were platted, city ordinance required them to be laid out with eight streets to the mile in one direction and sixteen in the other direction, about one street per 200 meters in one direction and one street per 100 meters in the other direction. Washington's first term in office directed attention to poor and previously neglected minority neighborhoods. [127][128], A popular tourist activity is to take an architecture boat tour along the Chicago River. [3] The White population continues to remain the largest racial category and includes the 10.9% of Hispanics who identify as White with the remaining Hispanics identifying as Other Race (43.5%), Multiracial (40.1%), Black (1.5%), American Indian and Alaskan Native (3.7%), Asian (0.3%), and Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (0.1%). [62], During the 1870s and 1880s, Chicago attained national stature as the leader in the movement to improve public health. [264], Chicago has also entered into esports with the creation of the Chicago Huntsmen, a professional Call of Duty team that participates within the CDL. [54][55] During its rebuilding period, Chicago constructed the world's first skyscraper in 1885, using steel-skeleton construction.[56][57]. [361] In addition, the Chicago Sister Cities program hosts a number of delegation and formal exchanges. The Museum Campus joins the southern section of Grant Park, which includes the renowned Art Institute of Chicago. The central element of the Port District, Calumet Harbor, is maintained by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1935: Chicago Cubs secure a record as the third-longest unbeaten MLB game streak with 21 consecutive wins. Among these are Chagall's Four Seasons; the Chicago Picasso; Miro's Chicago; Calder's Flamingo; Oldenburg's Batcolumn; Moore's Large Interior Form, 1953-54, Man Enters the Cosmos and Nuclear Energy; Dubuffet's Monument with Standing Beast, Abakanowicz's Agora; and, Anish Kapoor's Cloud Gate which has become an icon of the city. Chicago is one of the largest hubs of passenger rail service in the nation. [citation needed], When Chicago was incorporated in 1837, it chose the motto Urbs in Horto, a Latin phrase which means "City in a Garden". The region is prone to severe thunderstorms during the spring and summer which can produce large hail, damaging winds, and occasionally tornadoes. For every 100 females there were 94.2 males. Chicago has 28 sister cities around the world. [340] Each company was allowed to bring 250 electric scooters, although both Bird and Lime claimed that they experienced a higher demand for their scooters. [294] and in 2010 Chicago's murder rate fell to 435 (16.14 per 100,000), a 5% decrease from 2009 and lowest levels since 1965. [213] The city has many upscale dining establishments as well as many ethnic restaurant districts. Christianity is predominant among the city's population who worship (71%). Lake Shore Drive runs adjacent to a large portion of Chicago's waterfront. [247] Nonetheless, Chicagoans worked hard to create a literary tradition that would stand the test of time,[248] and create a "city of feeling" out of concrete, steel, vast lake, and open prairie. [227] It features 42 navy blue gondolas that can hold up to eight adults and two children. Of the total population, 28.1% of those under the age of 18 and 15.5% of those 75 and older were living below the poverty line. [122][123], The Merchandise Mart, once first on the list of largest buildings in the world, currently listed as 44th-largest (as of 9September2013[update]), had its own zipcode until 2008, and stands near the junction of the North and South branches of the Chicago River. [178] Roman Catholicism and Protestantism are the largest branches (34% and 35% respectively), followed by Eastern Orthodoxy and Jehovah's Witnesses with 1% each. By the time of the official census count in 1990, it was overtaken by Los Angeles as the United States' second largest city. In 2005, O'Hare was the world's busiest airport by aircraft movements and the second-busiest by total passenger traffic. The organization, formed in 1924, was called the Society for Human Rights. [citation needed], Lincoln Park contains the Lincoln Park Zoo and the Lincoln Park Conservatory. Standing Lincoln) and Abraham Lincoln: The Head of State (a.k.a. [116] Many of the city's residential streets have a wide patch of grass or trees between the street and the sidewalk itself. B. [271][272], With berths for more than 6,000 boats, the Chicago Park District operates the nation's largest municipal harbor system. Demographics . Explore from one of the 150-plus buildings with behind-the-scenes tours. As in the rest of the state of Illinois, Chicago forms part of the Central Time Zone. Chicago has been named the Best Sports City by Sporting News three times and has made TSEs international Ranking of Sport Cities every year since 2012. Chicagos 250-plus theatre companies take the stage at more than 200 theatres to perform work as varied and diverse as their audiences. Ethnic groups in Chicago - Wikipedia [158][159] To these ethnic groups, the basis of the city's industrial working class, were added an additional influx of African Americans from the American Southwith Chicago's black population doubling between 1910 and 1920 and doubling again between 1920 and 1930. [9] The Great Chicago Fire in 1871 destroyed several square miles and left more than 100,000 homeless,[10] but Chicago's population continued to grow to 503,000 by 1880 and then doubled to more than a million within the decade. The early years of Chicago coincided with the significant rise in Irish immigration in the 1830s and 1840s. While the Chicago Loop is the central business district, Chicago is also a city of neighborhoods. [262] The Fire have won one league title and four U.S.Open Cups, since their founding in 1997. As of the 2010 Census, 578,100 residents of the City of Chicago, had full or partial Mexican origins.[7]. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as "Checagou" was by Robert deLaSalle around 1679 in a memoir. Seattle, San Francisco and Boston are notable not only because they have relatively few Christians, but also for their considerable populations of religious nones (atheists, agnostics and those who say their religion is nothing in particular). [361] Like Chicago, many of them are the main city of a country that has had large numbers of immigrants settle in Chicago. In the state court, the public prosecutor is the Illinois state's attorney; in the Federal court it is the United States attorney. Rauch established a plan for Chicago's park system in 1866. In the 1840s, Chicago became a major grain port, and in the 1850s and 1860s Chicago's pork and beef industry expanded. The University of Illinois College of Medicine at UIC is the second largest medical school in the United States (2,600 students including those at campuses in Peoria, Rockford and UrbanaChampaign).[360]. The city served as the venue for the medical dramas ER and Chicago Hope, as well as the fantasy drama series Early Edition and the 20052009 drama Prison Break. By the close of the 19th century, Chicago was the fifth largest city in the world. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020. The Joffrey Ballet and Chicago Festival Ballet perform in various venues, including the Harris Theater in Millennium Park. 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Daley", "Chicago and the Legacy of the Daley Dynasty", "National Building Museum to honor Daley for greening of Chicago", "1992 Loop Flood Brings Chaos, Billions In Losses", "News: Rahm Emanuel wins Chicago mayoral race", "Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel wins 2nd term in runoff victory", "Lori Lightfoot Is Elected Chicago Mayor, Becoming First Black Woman to Lead City", "With Mayor Lori Lightfoot's inauguration, 3 women of color now hold top citywide offices: 'Chicago was ready for this', "State Climatologist Office for Illinois", "The Elevation of Chicago: A Statistical Mystery", "Chicago Tribune Classifieds map of Chicagoland", "Fast Facts About The Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce", "CPS Teacher Housing: Chicago Communities", "List of Chicago Neighborhoods Chicago", "Gulp! [93], On February 23, 2011, former Illinois Congressman and White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel won the mayoral election. Percentage of the total population. The park also hosts the annual Taste of Chicago festival. [120], Some of the United States' tallest towers are located in Chicago; Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) is the second tallest building in the Western Hemisphere after One World Trade Center, and Trump International Hotel and Tower is the third tallest in the country. Chicago has the third-largest South Asian population in the United States, especially many Indians, Bangladeshi and Pakistanis. ", "Chicago, IL - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast", "History of the Chicago and Rockford Weather Observation Sites", "Chicago/O'Hare, IL Climate Normals 1961-1990", "Chicago, Illinois, USA Monthly weather forecast and Climate data", "Chicago Growth 18501990: Maps by Dennis McClendon", "It's official: Los Angeles ousts Chicago as No.